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In 2021, total exports of LNG from Africa were reportedly about 40 million t, and analysts anticipate that Africa’s export capacity will likely continue to grow through 2022. The potential opportunities in Africa for both operators and developers are clearly substantial. But progress has been slow during recent years, and what follows is a snapshot of the reasons why. In South Africa, for example, though … Continue reading LNG projects in Africa
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Readers may be interested to access the excellent article by M. J. Denison, in Volume 14, Issue 2, of the Journal of World Energy Law & Business, which provides the following practical drafting advice (See The Journal of World Energy Law & Business, Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2021, Pages 88–96, https://doi.org/10.1093/jwelb/jwab011): “i. The data set revealed gaps in coverage in the areas of new security … Continue reading Covid-19, force majeure, and the LNG industry
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Developing a viable LNG regulatory infrastructure A viable regulatory infrastructure for LNG projects wherever they may be located, should include: effective applicable regulation, and effective contractual remedies in situations where the parties are in disagreement. This post will briefly summarise the scope of these two areas, as follows. Law and regulation: LNG regulation – what does it cover? Let’s first draw up a shortlist of … Continue reading Regulatory or contractual hurdles affecting LNG projects
“FLNG projects can be self-propelling, but some are towed to their installation site, so the FLNG facility is in some cases a sea-going vessel, and in others more of an off-shore platform A key question is therefore whether the FLNG facility is a ship when it is used in stationary operations …” This is the sister-post to my earlier post on the nature of a … Continue reading Floating storage and regas units (contd.)
“The question the draftsperson should ask themselves is whether we are dealing with a sea-going vessel, or something more like a land-based LNG import terminal. FSRUs can and often are designed for operation not so much as LNG carriers, but instead as facilities which are semi-permanently located at the relevant import terminal.” Readers may like to read a recent post on this subject, at the … Continue reading Floating storage and regas units
The concept of price review A number of long-term contracts for the sale and purchase of LNG contain price review provisions. But commentators will remind us[1] that price review provisions are contrary to the principle of sanctity of contract, because a contract should be performed just as it reads, as that is what the parties to it have agreed, having taken into account the risks … Continue reading LNG Price Review – the Asian Context
Emerging Markets Law and Business 